Ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 4 ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch xu h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed7i ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u1eabn nhau m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, b\u1ed5 sung l\u00e0m r\u00f5 cho c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed7i con s\u1ed1, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00e2y m\u00e9o m\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh: \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp, chia t\u00e1ch\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch k\u1ebf to\u00e1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I. PH\u00c2N T\u00cdCH C\u00c1C KHO\u1ea2N M\u1ee4C<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i k\u1ebf to\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c, tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ed1n m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p) chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng, v\u00ec th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc quy m\u00f4 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Quy m\u00f4 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh kinh doanh kh\u00e1c nhau (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kinh doanh b\u00e1n l\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i thu s\u1ebd th\u1ea5p, b\u00e1n bu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i thu cao h\u01a1n\u2026.), ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong t\u1eebng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 (t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n hay duy tr\u00ec th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, quy m\u00f4 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa 2 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta d\u00f9ng t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng quay c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu. N\u1ebfu quy m\u00f4 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu t\u0103ng l\u00ean nh\u01b0ng v\u00f2ng quay c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 c\u0169 ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng l\u00ean th\u00ec s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i thu s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau thu d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu t\u0103ng trong khi doanh thu, quy m\u00f4 kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng, th\u00ec nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh doanh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 n\u00e0y, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u00e3o ho\u00e0, suy tho\u00e1i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng, hay xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat, suy tho\u00e1i l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00fd h\u1ea1n thanh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Th\u1eddi gian thu ti\u1ec1n binh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u00fat gi\u1ea3m doanh thu c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111ang ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do nhu c\u1ea7u suy gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u1edbi. V\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng chung v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c, d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh x\u1ea5u x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 l\u1edbn, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd do: do kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh d\u00e2y d\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng thanh to\u00e1n hay kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 thanh to\u00e1n. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng vay v\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 n\u00e0y, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng nh\u1eb1m l\u00f4i k\u00e9o k\u00edch th\u00edch ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n thanh to\u00e1n cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.
L\u01b0u \u00fd: N\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng quay qu\u00e1 cao th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, thanh to\u00e1n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t ngay ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t v\u00ec \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u, th\u00f4ng tin sau:
– Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Danh s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Doanh s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t sinh n\u1ee3-c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Chi ti\u1ebft doanh s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t sinh n\u1ee3 – c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i thu kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Tu\u1ed5i n\u1ee3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 n\u1ee3 g\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 h\u1ea1n, th\u1eddi gian qu\u00e1 h\u1ea1n, l\u00fd do qu\u00e1 h\u1ea1n, x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p (tr\u00edch DPRR, kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n \u2026.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, chi ti\u1ebft doanh s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t sinh n\u1ee3 – c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n tr\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n gi\u1eefa doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua – ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o s\u1edbm v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn:
– Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh. Trong kinh doanh c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eafp t\u1edbi nh\u01b0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eadp trung ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ebft, doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u1ea1t, \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 b\u00e1n cho m\u00f9a h\u00e8, doanh nghi\u1ec7p chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp b\u00e1n cho h\u1ecdc sinh nh\u1eadp h\u1ecdc\u2026..<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea9n d\u1ea5u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh k\u00e9m v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho: H\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho k\u00e9m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t, l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Chu k\u1ef3 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng quay h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho l\u1edbn, th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed3n kho ng\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ed1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty \u0111ang thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu v\u00f2ng quay qu\u00e1 cao so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba qua c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty, th\u00ec c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i kh\u00e2u cung c\u1ea5p, d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef NVL, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o lu\u00f4n tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ee7, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cung nh\u01b0 nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n h\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty th\u1ef1c hi\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng gia c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho l\u1edbn, v\u00f2ng quay h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho gi\u1ea3m, th\u1eddi gian lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00ec c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Xem x\u00e9t t\u00ednh m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 trong kinh doanh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed3n kho \u0111ang t\u0103ng <\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Doanh thu b\u00e1n lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed3n kho l\u1edbn <\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh cung \u1ee9ng, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh, gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thay th\u1ebf, th\u1ecb hi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ed3n kho: Do gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng n\u00ean doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u00edch tr\u1eef h\u00e0ng, chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kinh doanh b\u00e1n sang tay sang \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 t\u00edch tr\u1eef<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Do chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb kinh doanh sang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Do thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u, th\u00f4ng tin sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho: NVL, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5\/d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Doanh s\u1ed1 nh\u1eadp – xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho, chi ti\u1ebft ph\u00e1t sinh n\u1ee3 – c\u00f3 t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho l\u1edbn theo gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: ph\u00e1t sinh n\u1ee3 t\u1ed3n kho NVL ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed3n kho, ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n kho NVL ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n kho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m theo d\u00f5i h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u00ean kho b\u00e3i, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Xem x\u00e9t c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh: MMTB, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai \u2026 , TSC\u0110 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u1edf dang, c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Xem x\u00e9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \/t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh kinh doanh, quy m\u00f4 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Xem x\u00e9t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a TSC\u0110, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t huy \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t TSC\u0110 (B\u0110S, MMTB\u2026)
Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch TSC\u0110 theo t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh TSC\u0110: TSC\u0110 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb v\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 v\u00e0 TSC\u0110 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb v\u1ed1n vay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Xem x\u00e9t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty<\/p>\n\n\n\n
TSC\u0110 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u1edf dang c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng, ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 TSC\u0110 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Xem x\u00e9t l\u00fd do t\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m TSC\u0110 (do m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, do chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb kinh doanh TM sang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u2026.), vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m TSC\u0110 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ho\u00e1 k\u1ef3 t\u1ed3n kho v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 thu n\u1ee3 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n, doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i k\u1ef3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec uy t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c gia t\u0103ng v\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean mua \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt \u00e1p l\u1ef1c chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111i vay t\u1eeb ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u x\u1ea5u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi tr\u1ea3, thanh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian thanh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3, t\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3, gi\u1ea3m v\u00f2ng quay ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p kinh doanh uy t\u00edn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea1n h\u00e0ng cho ph\u00e9p tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm, doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u m\u1ed1i thu gom h\u00e0ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong thanh to\u00e1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n, doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kinh doanh\u2026. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian thanh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3, gi\u1ea3m ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3, t\u0103ng v\u00f2ng quay ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t do doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng uy t\u00edn, b\u1ea1n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng cho n\u1ee3 mua ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n ngay, do doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o khan hi\u1ebfm b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n ngay m\u1edbi mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong kinh doanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, do kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i thu h\u1eb9p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 chung, k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n thanh to\u00e1n m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb 30-60 ng\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu qua t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n thanh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00ec c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n thu th\u1eadp th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd do th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n thanh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n thanh to\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n thanh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi. C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u, th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thu th\u1eadp :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3: ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n\/ ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc\/ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c \u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch mua h\u00e0ng th\u1eddi gian v\u1eeba qua, s\u1eafp t\u1edbi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch mua h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, l\u00fd do thay \u0111\u1ed5i (do gi\u00e1 \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng, h\u00e0ng khan hi\u1ebfm doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i mua h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n ngay, do gi\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m cung h\u00e0ng \u0111ang t\u0103ng n\u00ean doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch c\u1ea7u \u2026.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua h\u00e0ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang n\u1ee3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Doanh s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t sinh n\u1ee3 – c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n <\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Sao k\u00ea chi ti\u1ebft t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1edbn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Tu\u1ed5i n\u1ee3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1edbn, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 g\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00ec kh\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin phi t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh: th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, thanh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u2026. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, li\u1ec7t k\u00ea chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. V\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu bao g\u1ed3m v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7, v\u1ed1n g\u00f3p kinh doanh, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c qu\u1ef9 v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n g\u00f3p kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t v\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– V\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c g\u00f3p (TM hay TSC\u0110\u2026)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Tra c\u1ee9u th\u00f4ng tin CIC c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin vay n\u1ee3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n kinh doanh, v\u1ed1n kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn sau thu\u1ebf tr\u00ean b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– C\u00e1c qu\u1ef9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ho\u0103c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh th\u00ec \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t v\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu tham gia l\u00e0 bao nhi\u1ec1u (\u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 trong n\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u0103ng v\u1ed1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t hay x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. C\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
VCSH + n\u1ee3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u2013 TSC\u0110 \u22650: Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh <\/p>\n\n\n\n
VCSH + n\u1ee3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u2013 TSC\u0110 < 0: M\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00fd do m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh: C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3 h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n n\u1ee3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n; C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n; C\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0n tr\u1ea3i, d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t n\u00ean v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ed1n ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n C\u00f4ng ty s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n g\u00ec: n\u1ebfu vay ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u C\u00f4ng ty s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ed1n sai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. N\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 th\u00ec c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c n\u00e0o, khi n\u00e0o s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– C\u00f4ng ty x\u1eed l\u00fd kho\u1ea3n m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng, khi n\u00e0o s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd xong<\/p>\n\n\n\n
7. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch doanh thu, chi ph\u00ed, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 doanh thu, chi ph\u00ed, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u doanh thu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m doanh thu: N\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00fd do gi\u1ea3m. N\u1ebfu t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00fd do t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng n\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n; t\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n\/doanh thu. L\u00fd do t\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u00ean b\u00e1o c\u00e1o thu\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau tu\u1ef3 v\u00e0o t\u1eebng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem b\u00e1o c\u00e1o thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn bao nhi\u00eau. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 ghi gi\u1ea3m l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ghi gi\u1ea3m doanh thu: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00f4ng ty con \u0111\u1ec3 ghi gi\u1ea3m doanh thu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n th\u1eb3ng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua h\u00e0ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u u\u1ef7 th\u00e1c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb h\u00e0ng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea7u ra. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7u ra. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u0169ng mua kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ghi gi\u1ea3m doanh thu c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ho\u1eb7c mua trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7u ra t\u1ed1i thi\u1ebfu c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ghi t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Ghi t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n: tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Ghi t\u0103ng c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0\u01a1ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, kh\u1ea5u hao c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ H\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n do CSH g\u00f3p v\u00e0o v\u1ed1n vay \u0111\u1ec3 ghi t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed l\u00e3i vay<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho: N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 NVL \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, Doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n LIFO (nh\u1eadp sau xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 mua \u2013 gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n th\u1ea5p \u0111i. N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 NVL \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m \u0111i th\u00ec s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n FIFO (nh\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 mua \u2013 gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Ghi gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed ch\u01b0a k\u1ebft chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft chuy\u1ec3n trong k\u1ef3, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ghi t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Kh\u00f4ng ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t trong kinh doanh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd, ghi t\u0103ng nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t trong kinh doanh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n v\u00e0o chi ph\u00ed trong t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n thi\u1ebfu ch\u1edd x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 ghi t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 sau:
+ Tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng v\/v xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ghi gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Ghi t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed ch\u01b0a k\u1ebft chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft chuy\u1ec3n trong k\u1ef3, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Gi\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t trong kinh doanh, ch\u01b0a h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n v\u00e0o chi ph\u00ed trong t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n thi\u1ebfu ch\u1edd x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ \u1ea8n d\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh trong k\u1ef3 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho (h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n v\u00e0o chi ph\u00ed kinh doanh d\u1edf dang ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n trong gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ H\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n th\u1ea5p chi ph\u00ed KHTSC\u0110, chi ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho: N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 NVL \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, Doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n FIFO (nh\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 mua \u2013 gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n cao h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 NVL \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m \u0111i th\u00ec s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n LIFO (nh\u1eadp sau xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 mua \u2013 gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
PH\u1ea6N II. PH\u00c2N T\u00cdCH CH\u1ec8 S\u1ed0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m n\u1ebfu suy di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 theo m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta xem x\u00e9t n\u00f3 tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u00f3i chung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.1 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 thanh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh = T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng\/n\u1ee3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 thanh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh >1 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 TSL\u0110 > N\u1ee3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, v\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0 l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh \u00edt nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, do TSL\u0110 > N\u1ee3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n n\u00ean TSC\u0110 < N\u1ee3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n + V\u1ed1n CSH, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho TSC\u0110 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho TSC\u0110. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 thanh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh < 1 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 TSL\u0110 < N\u1ee3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, v\u00ec th\u1ebf C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 h\u1ebft c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, do TSL\u0110 < N\u1ee3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n n\u00ean TSC\u0110 > N\u1ee3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n + V\u1ed1n CSH, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady C\u00f4ng ty \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, \u0111ang b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3, m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty, v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh t\u1ebf, y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tr\u00ean mang t\u00ednh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi hay d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 thi hay kh\u00f4ng???<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eefa khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p qua ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i, c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n t\u1ed3n kho ch\u1eadm lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n trong TSL\u0110 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 thanh to\u00e1n nhanh t\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i, t\u1ed3n kho ch\u1eadm lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n khi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.2 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n nhanh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 thanh to\u00e1n nhanh = (Ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t + TSL\u0110 kh\u00e1c + Ph\u1ea3i thu)\/n\u1ee3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n <\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng > 0,5 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho khi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n nhanh l\u00e0 do h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c TSL\u0110 kh\u00e1c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 thanh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 thanh to\u00e1n nhanh c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.3 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y ta c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c TSC\u0110 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb v\u1ed1n vay v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c tr\u00edch KHCB h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, xem x\u00e9t xem m\u1ee9c tr\u00edch KHCB h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 thanh to\u00e1n n\u1ee3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n = Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a TSC\u0110 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb v\u1ed1n vay\/(T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 n\u1ee3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u2013 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb TSCDDD h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb v\u1ed1n vay)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y < 1 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb KHCB h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00edch tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay trung d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3 v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ed5 sung kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau sau: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.1 V\u00f2ng quay c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng\/k\u1ef3 thu ti\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng quay c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu = Doanh thu\/(ph\u1ea3i thu kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ef3 + cu\u1ed1i k\u1ef3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ef3 thu ti\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n = 12 th\u00e1ng\/ v\u00f2ng quay c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian ch\u1eadm tr\u1ea3 trung b\u00ecnh c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Th\u1eddi gian thu h\u1ed3i c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng b\u00e1n tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1eaft khe: \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, c\u00f3 th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u00eap r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3: t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c thu h\u1ed3i c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh l\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t: Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t sinh l\u1eddi, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng doanh thu, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ngay b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t: xem x\u00e9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh kinh doanh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Th\u1eddi gian thu h\u1ed3i c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 d\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng: xem x\u00e9t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang kinh doanh, n\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng linh ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang c\u00f3 th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111ang kinh doanh, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng doanh thu, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 xem x\u00e9t t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n h\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u1ea3i thu chi ti\u1ebft, tu\u1ed5i n\u1ee3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd do th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3: t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c thu h\u1ed3i c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng quay h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho\/th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed3n kho b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng quay h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho = Gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n\/H\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed3n kho b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n = 12 th\u00e1ng\/v\u00f2ng quay h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u01b0u h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 NVL v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 trong bao nhi\u00eau th\u00e1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh th\u00ec h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1eef \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u01b0u gi\u1eef qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c v\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 (d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111i do v\u1ed1n k\u00e9m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e3i vay s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed l\u01b0u gi\u1eef h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho v\u00e0 t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho n\u00e0y do c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9m \u0111i. Do v\u1eady t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed3n kho c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd theo chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n chung c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n kho h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng quay v\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh chu k\u1ef3 kinh doanh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng quay VL\u0110 = Doanh thu\/VL\u0110 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng quay VL\u0110 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh 1 chu k\u1ef3 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng quay VL\u0110 qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu h\u1ed3i ti\u1ec1n h\u00e0ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ed1n ch\u1eadm n\u00ean chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 v\u1ed1n t\u0103ng l\u00ean l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng quay VL\u0110 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p kinh doanh trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00f2ng quay VL\u0110 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p kinh doanh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i cao h\u01a1n v\u00f2ng quay VL\u0110 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p kinh doanh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, XDCB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi xem x\u00e9t v\u00f2ng quay VL\u0110 c\u1ee7a 1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u1ea7n so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n chung c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn chu k\u1ef3 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ed1t hay kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng kinh doanh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 cao th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f2ng quay VL\u0110 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t khi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1, th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed3n kho th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng quay kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng quay kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 = gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n\/kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 = 12 th\u00e1ng\/v\u00f2ng quay kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng quay ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n h\u00e0ng v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi v\u00f2ng quay ph\u1ea3i thu v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eadm tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t n\u00ean h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f2ng quay ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p. V\u00f2ng quay ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p, s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng ty r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn v\u00e0 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ch\u1eadm tr\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111ang kh\u00f3 tr\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3, c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng cho n\u1ee3, doanh s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t sinh n\u1ee3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i n\u1ee3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua h\u00e0ng, xem x\u00e9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng doanh thu, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu h\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng n\u1ee3 \u2026. \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c v\u00f2ng quay ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 do kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ch\u1eadm tr\u1ea3 hay do kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kinh doanh y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qua 2 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– S\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t TSC\u0110: Doanh thu\/Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb TSC\u0110<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– S\u1ee9c sinh l\u1ee3i TSC\u0110: L\u01a1i nhu\u1eadn sau thu\u1ebf\/gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb TSC\u0110<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 c\u00e0ng cao ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf 2 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean m\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba kinh doanh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1eeba s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i s\u1ebd cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ebd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ebd t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 2 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c tr\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kinh doanh c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd t\u00e1ch 2 m\u1ea3ng kinh doanh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ri\u00eang r\u1ebd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0: TSC\u0110 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t huy \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u n\u0103m, s\u1eafp thanh l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh l\u1eddi, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ed1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t sinh l\u1eddi doanh thu thu\u1ea7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu doanh thu thu\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 100% th\u00ec gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n, chi ph\u00ed t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, chi ph\u00ed b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh n\u00ean doanh thu. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn\/doanh thu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn r\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfm bao nhi\u00eau % doanh thu m\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn g\u1ed9p, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 chi ph\u00ed kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean doanh thu \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi chi ph\u00ed NVL, kh\u1ea5u hao hay do chi ph\u00ed t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh hay do chi ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd doanh nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hay c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi th\u00ec t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn\/doanh thu th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p (ho\u1eb7c thua l\u1ed7) do c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t huy \u0111\u1ed9ng MMTB th\u1ea5p, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111ang th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nhu c\u1ea7u ch\u01b0a cao, gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn doanh thu \u0111\u1ea1t th\u1ea5p trong khi chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh: kh\u1ea5u hao, l\u00e3i vay \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 chi ph\u00ed gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp th\u00ec t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c kinh doanh tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch k\u1ebf to\u00e1n ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ebd cho 1 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh t\u1ed1t c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh ch\u01b0a t\u1ed1t c\u1ea7n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.
Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn\/doanh thu l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang kinh doanh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn\/doanh thu l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang kinh doanh k\u00e8m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t t\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t sinh l\u1eddi doanh thu l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u00f5 l\u00fd do c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn doanh thu l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 doanh thu c\u00f9ng t\u0103ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Doanh thu gi\u1ea3m do doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3m \u00edt h\u01a1n doanh thu. Ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng l\u00ean do gi\u1ea3m l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn\/doanh thu l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u n\u1ebfu: vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng l\u00e0 do l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 doanh thu c\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3m nh\u01b0ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3m ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n doanh thu v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00fd do gi\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ C\u00f4ng ty b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ H\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 b\u00e1n ra ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 k\u00e9m;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ C\u00f4ng ty ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh l\u1ea1i th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean do c\u00f4ng ty v\u1eabn \u0111ang qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t chi ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, chi ph\u00ed t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u2026. n\u00ean t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n doanh thu;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn\/doanh thu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat n\u1ebfu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 doanh thu \u0111\u1ec1u t\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u0103ng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n doanh thu do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng do vay n\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u00ean chi ph\u00ed l\u00e3i vay nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, hay do m\u1edbi m\u1ecf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00ean c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a cao, chi ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, chi ph\u00ed kh\u1ea5u hao c\u00f2n l\u1edbn. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p doanh thu t\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn l\u00e0 do gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n t\u0103ng hay do doanh nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 cao so v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng doanh thu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Ngay c\u1ea3 khi doanh thu v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty \u0111ang x\u1ea5u n\u1ebfu do C\u00f4ng ty \u0111ang thu h\u1eb9p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, d\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn\/doanh thu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111ang c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u1ea5u n\u1ebfu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ Doanh thu v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3m do c\u00f4ng ty kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+ L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3m th\u00ec d\u00f9 doanh thu t\u0103ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u00f3 c\u00f2n cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng ty \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng kinh doanh k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t sinh l\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n: L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn sau thu\u1ebf\/t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi xem x\u00e9t ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd r\u1eb1ng: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng v\u1ed1n vay cao th\u00ec t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p do chi ph\u00ed l\u00e3i vay cao l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t sinh l\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u0103ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu: c\u00f4ng ty t\u0103ng v\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu, gi\u1ea3m n\u1ee3 vay l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed l\u00e3i vay n\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t sinh l\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u0103ng l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0m \u0103n kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu: c\u00f4ng ty gi\u1ea3m n\u1ee3 vay do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p, doanh thu l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3m nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t sinh l\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u t\u1ed3i n\u1ebfu: vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0 do c\u00f4ng ty t\u0103ng VCSH n\u00ean t\u1ed5ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n t\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee9c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u0103ng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n t\u0103ng TTS<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t sinh l\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u t\u1ed3i n\u1ebfu: c\u00f4ng ty t\u0103ng n\u1ee3 vay, v\u1ed1n CSH gi\u1ea3m do kinh doanh l\u1ed7 v\u1ed1n, ho\u1eb7c H\u0110KD m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3m so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t sinh l\u1eddi v\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p quan t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng. N\u1ebfu C\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn tr\u00ean v\u1ed1n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea3 c\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n cho c\u00e1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Duy tr\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p l\u00fd cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p <\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ed5 sung t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed v\u1ed1n cao<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– \u0110\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 c\u00e0ng cao. Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng chi ph\u00ed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c cho vay tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 (tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu kho b\u1ea1c, ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u2026) l\u00e0m m\u1ed1c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 c\u00f3. M\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau n\u00e0y c\u00f3 1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh c\u1ee7a ban l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a ho\u00e1 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn hay t\u1ed1i \u0111a ho\u00e1 quy m\u00f4. N\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec quy m\u00f4 v\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, th\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 VCSH\/t\u1ed5ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro cho vay c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3m. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u1ea5p, kh\u1ea3 n\ufffd\ufffdng t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00ec Doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n vay b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng v\u1ed1n CSH\/t\u1ed5ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3m, kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro khi cho vay <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng v\u1ed1n vay l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, VCSH qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ngo\u00e0i ra khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea7n so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t sinh l\u1eddi v\u1ed1n CSH t\u0103ng hay gi\u1ea3m ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t hay kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd do l\u00e0m t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u0103ng hay gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– ROE t\u0103ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u0103ng, VCSH kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m \u0111i, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– ROE t\u0103ng l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u n\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ty kinh doanh thua l\u1ed7, ph\u1ea3i thu h\u1eb9p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, doanh thu gi\u1ea3m, l\u1ed7 v\u1ed1n n\u00ean VCSH gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 VCSH gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– ROE gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 VCSH \u0111\u1ec1u t\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng VCSH t\u0103ng nhanh h\u01a1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– ROE gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 VCSH \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3m do kinh doanh thua l\u1ed7, thu h\u1eb9p quy m\u00f4 \u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 n\u1ee3: N\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3\/V\u1ed1n CSH<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf th\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb VCSH c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn,l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1edbn l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 theo nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u00e9m c\u1ecfi trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd k\u00e9m \u0111i do g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c thanh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n l\u00e3i vay. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thanh l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00f2i l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u00ec t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t t\u1eebng kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3, ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 l\u00e0 ai v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a CSH b\u1ecf v\u00e0o kinhdoanh nh\u01b0ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n n\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed l\u00e3i vay, gi\u1ea3m l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3: VCSH\/t\u1ed5ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao, \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cao b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u00edt h\u01a1n do h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea3y t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Chi ph\u00ed l\u00e3i vay th\u1ea5p l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi tr\u1ea3 c\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c cho c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, n\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y th\u1ea5p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ed1n vay t\u1eeb VCSH c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Chi ph\u00ed l\u00e3i vay, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c thanh to\u00e1n n\u1ee3 g\u1ed1c cao bu\u1ed9c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh thu h\u1ed3i n\u1ee3 vay, ph\u00e1t sinh chi ph\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
PH\u1ea6N III. PH\u00c2N T\u00cdCH D\u00d2NG TI\u1ec0N<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00e1o c\u00e1o d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 ra lu\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y xem ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ra \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00e1c qu\u1ef9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho thanh to\u00e1n, m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u00f9 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m h\u1ebft t\u1ea1i TSL\u0110, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c th\u00ec r\u1ee7i ro thanh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 ra chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n tham gia kinh doanh<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t –> C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 –> Mua s\u1eafm NVL –> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t –> Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed3n kho –> Th\u00eam l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn g\u1ed9p –> C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i thu –> Ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh so v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n thu\u1ea7n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng (thu>chi) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0m \u0103n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ea3 ngay c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh cho bi\u1ebft t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ra ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 cao (kho\u1ea3ng 80%), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng trang tr\u1ea3i cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, tr\u1ea3 l\u00e3i vay, n\u1ee3 g\u1ed1c, c\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn r\u00f2ng: (L\u00e3i +, L\u1ed7 -)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Kh\u1ea5u hao c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (L\u00e3i +, L\u1ed7 -)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Chi ph\u00ed tr\u1ea3 l\u00e3i vay (+)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. T\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng (T\u0103ng -, gi\u1ea3m +)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 so v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n thu\u1ea7n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng (thu>chi) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p. V\u00ec s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb kh\u1ea5u hao, b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n mua s\u1eafm t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cao l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. Chi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 TSC\u0110 (-)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. V\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u (-)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Chi g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n kinh doanh (-)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Thu t\u1eeb g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n kinh doanh (+)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thu h\u1ed3i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thanh l\u00fd TSC\u0110 (+)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– V\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng thu h\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i k\u1ef3 (+)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh so v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o
L\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n thu\u1ea7n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ed1n cung \u1ee9ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u0103ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: t\u0103ng, gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay; t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m v\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu khi huy \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu; mua l\u1ea1i tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu, c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu; tr\u1ea3 c\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 bu\u1ed9c doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n vay s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh th\u00eam c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu hay l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ng\u01b0ng tr\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n c\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. V\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 (+)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Vay d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (+)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 vay d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (-)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Vay ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n (+)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. Tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 vay ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n (-)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6. Tr\u1ea3 l\u00e3i vay (-)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
7. Chi c\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c, qu\u1ef9 ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i, khen th\u01b0\u1edfng (-)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u01b0u \u00fd: S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 hay t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a 1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 4 ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y: – Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c – Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 – Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n – Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch xu h\u01b0\u1edbng M\u1ed7i ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u1eabn nhau m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, b\u1ed5 sung l\u00e0m r\u00f5 cho … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[19,18],"class_list":["post-112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-tri-tai-chinh","tag-phan-tich-tai-chinh-htx","tag-tai-chinh-htx","grid-sizer"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kthtx.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kthtx.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kthtx.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kthtx.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kthtx.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kthtx.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":113,"href":"https:\/\/kthtx.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112\/revisions\/113"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kthtx.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kthtx.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kthtx.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}